The Fall of Jin and Qi
In the tenth year of Duke Zhuang’s reign, political and celestial events intertwined to reshape the regional power dynamics of ancient China. The year began in spring, with notable astronomical phenomena and predictions that set the tone for the year’s significant occurrences.
The Ominous Star and Predictions
In the first month of spring, a star appeared in the constellation Wu Nu. The astrologer Pi Zao of Zheng informed Zi Chan, a statesman, that on the seventh day of the fifth lunar month (Wu Zi day), the ruler of Jin would die. Pi Zao explained that this year was under the celestial influence of Zhuanxu, and the star was a harbinger of death for the Jin ruler. This prediction foretold a year of upheaval and transformation.
Political Turmoil in Qi
The summer saw turmoil in the state of Qi. The influential families of Hui Luan and Gao were known for their excessive drinking and internal feuds. When Chen Huanzi received reports that Zi Qi and Zi Liang were plotting against the Chen and Bao families, he acted swiftly. Huanzi armed himself and sought out the Bao family for support. Both families, though initially mistrustful, ultimately allied against the Luan and Gao factions.
In a decisive move, Chen Huanzi attacked the Luan and Gao families while they were vulnerable from intoxication. This resulted in multiple defeats for the Luan and Gao forces, first at Ji, then at Zhuang, and finally at Lu Men. The defeated leaders, Luan Shi and Gao Qiang, fled to other states, and their properties were divided between the Chen and Bao families. Yan Pingzhong advised Huanzi to present these leaders to the Duke, emphasizing the virtue of yielding and the importance of ethical governance. Huanzi complied, leading to a period of prosperity and growth for the Chen family.
The Passing of Jin’s Duke and Diplomatic Maneuvers
Autumn brought significant changes with the death of Duke Ping of Jin on the fifth day of the seventh lunar month (Wu Zi day). The states of Lu, Qi, Song, Wei, Zheng, Xu, Cao, Ju, Zhu, Xue, and Qi sent their representatives to attend the funeral in Jin. During this period, disagreements arose regarding the proper conduct of mourning rituals. Zi Pi of Zheng advocated for the use of ceremonial gifts, but Zi Chan opposed, citing the burdens it would impose on the people.
The funeral proceedings highlighted the differing views on mourning etiquette and the complexities of interstate relations. Despite the disputes, the representatives from the various states ultimately refrained from further actions that might disrupt the mourning period.
Ethical Reflections and Legacy
Upon returning from Jin, Zhu Shuzi of Lu shared insights on the importance of filial piety and ethical governance. He recounted the story of Qing Feng, who had amassed wealth through questionable means and was later abandoned by his family, emphasizing the need for integrity in public service. This reflection served as a moral lesson for the leaders and their successors.
The Death of Song’s Duke and Celestial Omens
Winter marked the death of Duke Cheng of Song. The eunuch Liu, once despised by Duke Yuan, earned his favor by demonstrating loyalty and resourcefulness during the mourning period. Liu’s actions, such as preparing hot coals for the mourners, showcased his dedication and ultimately led to his rise in status.
The tenth year of Duke Zhuang’s reign was a time of significant celestial and political events. The appearance of the ominous star and the subsequent deaths of the rulers of Jin and Song underscored the intertwined nature of celestial omens and political fate. The power struggles in Qi and the ethical reflections from Lu highlighted the complexities of governance and the enduring importance of virtue in leadership. Through these events, the ancient Chinese states navigated a year of transformation, guided by a mix of astrological predictions, political maneuvering, and moral considerations.