Mengzi’s Lesson on Respect and Self-Reflection: A Dialogue with Le Zhengzi

In a dialogue preserved in “Mengzi: Li Zuo I,” Mengzi engages with Le Zhengzi, revealing profound insights into education, respect, and personal integrity. This exchange, although brief, illustrates Mengzi’s pedagogical approach and the character of Le Zhengzi, highlighting their mutual respect and introspective qualities.

During the era of the Spring and Autumn Period in ancient China, characterized by intellectual discourse and philosophical exploration, Mengzi emerged as a key figure in Confucianism. Known for his advocacy of innate human goodness and the pursuit of moral cultivation, Mengzi’s teachings emphasized the importance of ethical conduct and reverence for tradition.

The dialogue begins with Mengzi’s pointed inquiry upon Le Zhengzi’s arrival: “Will you also come to see me?” This initial question sets the tone, suggesting Mengzi’s expectation of respectful behavior rather than mere casual visitation. Mengzi’s approach here serves not only to test Le Zhengzi’s deference but also to remind him of the scholar’s duty to maintain independence and dignity, avoiding undue deference to the powerful.

Le Zhengzi responds with curiosity: “Sir, why do you say such a thing?” Mengzi, instead of a direct answer, redirects the conversation by asking how many days Le Zhengzi has been there. This subtle maneuver showcases Mengzi’s tact and composure, deftly shifting focus while maintaining the discourse’s integrity. When Le Zhengzi replies, “A few days ago,” Mengzi swiftly points out that his earlier question was indeed appropriate given the circumstances of Le Zhengzi’s recent arrival.

Mengzi’s response underscores his confidence in expecting prompt attention from a visitor of scholarly standing, suggesting that Le Zhengzi should have sought him out immediately upon arrival rather than after settling accommodations. This expectation reflects Mengzi’s belief in the scholar’s obligation to prioritize intellectual pursuits and deference to elders over personal conveniences.

Upon hearing Mengzi’s probing questions, Le Zhengzi displays humility and honesty, admitting, “The lodging was not yet settled.” This admission not only indicates his respect and trust in Mengzi but also reveals his capacity for self-reflection and acknowledgment of error. Mengzi does not chastise him but instead poses a rhetorical question: “Have you heard that one should settle lodging before seeking an audience with elders?” This rhetorical question serves as both educational guidance and a gentle reprimand, urging Le Zhengzi to prioritize proper etiquette and scholarly decorum.

Finally, Le Zhengzi acknowledges his fault once more, stating, “I am guilty.” This admission reflects his sincere remorse and aspiration for self-improvement. Such humility and commitment to rectitude highlight Le Zhengzi’s character and commitment to scholarly principles, mirroring Mengzi’s teachings on moral integrity and intellectual rigor.

In conclusion, this brief exchange between Mengzi and Le Zhengzi exemplifies a profound teacher-student relationship grounded in mutual respect and scholarly discipline. It underscores the importance of maintaining intellectual pursuits alongside personal growth and humility. The dialogue serves as a timeless lesson in ethics and etiquette, reminding contemporary readers of the enduring value of respect for tradition, reverence for knowledge, and the continual pursuit of personal excellence. Through Mengzi’s wisdom and Le Zhengzi’s humility, this dialogue resonates as a testament to the enduring principles of Confucian thought in both ancient and modern contexts.